Architecture Questions
Question 1
Explanation
For campus designs requiring simplified configuration, common end-to-end troubleshooting tools, and the fastest convergence, a design using Layer 3 switches in the access layer (routed access) in combination with Layer 3 switching at the distribution layer and core layers provides the most rapid convergence of data and control plane traffic flows.

Campus fabric runs over arbitrary topologies:
+ Traditional 3-tier hierarchical network
+ Collapsed core/aggregation designs
+ Routed access
+ U-topology
Ideal design is routed access –allows fabric to extend to very edge of campus network
Reference: https://www.ciscolive.com/c/dam/r/ciscolive/us/docs/2017/pdf/BRKCRS-2812.pdf
From above references, we see that campus infrastructure does not include two-tier topology.
Question 2
Question 3
Explanation
The difference between on-premise and cloud is essentially where this hardware and software resides. On-premise means that a company keeps all of this IT environment onsite either managed by themselves or a third-party. Cloud means that it is housed offsite with someone else responsible for monitoring and maintaining it.
Question 4
Question 5
Explanation
Stateful Switchover (SSO) provides protection for network edge devices with dual Route Processors (RPs) that represent a single point of failure in the network design, and where an outage might result in loss of service for customers.



@anyone August 2026
I meant September