HSRP & VRRP Questions
Question 1
Explanation
When you change the HSRP version, Cisco NX-OS reinitializes the group because it now has a new virtual MAC address. HSRP version 1 uses the MAC address range 0000.0C07.ACxx while HSRP version 2 uses the MAC address range 0000.0C9F.F0xx.
HSRP supports interface tracking which allows to specify another interface on the router for the HSRP process to monitor in order to alter the HSRP priority for a given group.
Question 2
Explanation
When you change the HSRP version, Cisco NX-OS reinitializes the group because it now has a new virtual MAC address. HSRP version 1 uses the MAC address range 0000.0C07.ACxx while HSRP version 2 uses the MAC address range address range 0000.0C9F.F0xx.
Question 3
Question 4
Explanation
The main disadvantage of HSRP and VRRP is that only one gateway is elected to be the active gateway and used to forward traffic whilst the rest are unused until the active one fails. Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) is a Cisco proprietary protocol and performs the similar function to HSRP and VRRP but it supports load balancing among members in a GLBP group.
Note: Although GLBP is not a topic for this exam but not sure why we still have this question!
Question 5
Explanation
HSRP consists of 6 states:
| State | Description |
| Initial | This is the beginning state. It indicates HSRP is not running. It happens when the configuration changes or the interface is first turned on |
| Learn | The router has not determined the virtual IP address and has not yet seen an authenticated hello message from the active router. In this state, the router still waits to hear from the active router. |
| Listen | The router knows both IP and MAC address of the virtual router but it is not the active or standby router. For example, if there are 3 routers in HSRP group, the router which is not in active or standby state will remain in listen state. |
| Speak | The router sends periodic HSRP hellos and participates in the election of the active or standby router. |
| Standby | In this state, the router monitors hellos from the active router and it will take the active state when the current active router fails (no packets heard from active router) |
| Active | The router forwards packets that are sent to the HSRP group. The router also sends periodic hello messages |
Please notice that not all routers in a HSRP group go through all states above. In a HSRP group, only one router reaches active state and one router reaches standby state. Other routers will stop at listen state.
Question 6
Explanation
A VRRP router receiving a packet with the TTL not equal to 255 must discard the packet (only one possible hop) -> B is correct.
Currently there are three VRRP versions which are versions 1, 2 and 3 -> E is correct.
VRRP uses multicast address 224.0.0.18 and supports plaintext or MD5 authentication.
Question 2
Which behavior can be expected when the HSRP versions is changed from 1 to 2?
A. Each HSRP group reinitializes because the virtual MAC address has changed
B. No changes occur because version 1 and 2 use the same virtual MAC OUI
C. Each HSRP group reinitializes because the multicast address has changed
D. No changes occur because the standby router is upgraded before the active router
Answer: C
Explanation
When you change the HSRP version, Cisco NX-OS reinitializes the group because it now has a new virtual MAC address. HSRP version 1 uses the MAC address range 0000.0C07.ACxx while HSRP version 2 uses the MAC address range address range 0000.0C9F.F0xx.
Shouldn’t the answer be “A” as the MAC is changing?
@that one dude i would agree the answer might be A
224.0.0.2
HSRP version 1 uses the multicast address 224.0. 0.2. HSRP version 2 uses multicast address 224.0. 0.102 for its communication.Sep
Question answer should be A
When you change the HSRP version, Cisco NX-OS reinitializes the group because it now has a new
virtual MAC address.
https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/switches/datacenter/nexus3548/sw/unicast/503_A1_1/l3_nx-os/l3_hsrp.pdf